Scan sampling and waterfowl activity budget studies: Design and analysis considerations

Abstract

AbstractScan sampling is a common technique used to quantify the activities of animals, including waterfowl. When large numbers are present, it is often impractical to record the activities of each individual, and sub-sampling is employed. We present a method for the design and analysis of scan sampling studies involving sub-sampling, based on an actual study of waterfowl activity on a waste stabilisation pond. The design we propose avoids subjectivity in the selection of individuals, is truly random rather than haphazard, and is adaptable to other situations. It allows for the population on each sampling occasion to be divided into separate strata with samples taken from each. The method of..