Time–history analysis of URM walls in out-of-plane flexure

Abstract

This paper introduces a single degree-of-freedom analytical model which has been used by the authors to investigate the out-of-plane performance of unreinforced masonry walls in vertical one-way bending subject to seismic actions. The objective of the modelling is to reduce costs on physical experimentation by supplementing and extending the limited experimental database on dynamic wall behaviour with analytical data. The procedure necessitates sufficient physical testing of specimens with representative boundary conditions to enable the analytical model to be calibrated against experimental results. A computer program which requires minimal data preparation effort and computational time has..