Tobacco and alcohol-related mortality in men: Estimates from the Australian cohort of petroleum industry workers

Abstract

Objective: To measure the association between major causes of mortality and tobacco use; and the association between major causes of mortality and alcohol use, after adjusting for tobacco use. Method: Employees of Australian Institute of Petroleum member companies were enrolled in the cohort in four industry-wide surveys between 1981 and 1999. Mortality of 16,547 men was determined up to 31 December 2001 and cancer incidence to 31 December 2000. Relative mortality and cancer incidence rates were computed for smoking categories compared with never smokers, and for alcohol consumption compared with total abstainers. Results: The highest category of smoking, more than 30 cigarettes per day, was..