Explaining Socioeconomic Inequalities in Student Achievement: The role of home and school factors

Abstract

This paper examines the extent that material, social, and cultural resources and schools account for the relationship between socioeconomic background and student achievement among 15-year-olds in 30 countries. Generally, cultural factors play a more important role in most countries although in a small minority of countries, material resources have a substantial impact. Most often, social resources have little impact. In many countries, educational differentiation-that is, school tracks and school types, and curriculum tracking within schools-mediates the relationship between socioeconomic background and student achievement. Countries with highly tracked systems tend to show stronger relatio..