A comparative study of problem framing in multiple settings

Abstract

Problem framing is an essential element of the design process because it is an important design activity in solving design problems. It is the first part of a cyclical design process which involves "framing", "moving", and "reflecting". Framing activities can be considered as a typical cognitive design process involving several levels. As an essential design activity, framing can be considered an indicator to trace whether digital media changes the way designers engage in their work. The results indicate that problem framing activities are significantly different in an online remote setting as compared to the two other settings. It appears that a chat line-based remote setting does not only ..