Architectural Properties of Distal Forelimb Muscles in Horses, Equus caballus

Abstract

J. Grandage presented complete architectural data for muscles of the equine distal forelimb at the Annual General Meeting of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Only a partial report of these data are available in Grandage (1981). ABSTRACT Articular injuries in athletic horses are associated with large forces from ground impact and from muscular contraction. To accurately and noninvasively predict muscle and joint contact forces, a detailed model of musculoskeletal geometry and muscle architecture is required. Moreover, muscle architectural data can increase our understanding of the relationship between muscle structure and function in the equine distal forelimb. Muscle arch..