Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Purpose: To review systematically the evidence currently available on alcohol consumption and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods: Seven databases were searched systematically with no limits on the year or language of publication for prospective cohort studies. References identified from pertinent reviews and articles also were retrieved. Two reviewers independently searched the above databases and selected the studies using prespecified standardized criteria. These criteria included appropriate adjustment for age and smoking in the analysis. Of the 441 studies identified initially, five cohort stud..