Enteric Nervous System: Sensory Pathways

Abstract

The enteric nervous system (ENS) contains reflex arcs without topographically defined integrative centers, which partly explains why the primary afferent limbs of ENS reflex arcs and identities of the primary afferent neuron(s) are still not known with certainty. Two neuron types are known to act as primary afferent neurons: Dogiel type II and filamentous neurons. Both neurons also act as interneurons. Functional explanations of this double role are proposed. The ionic basis of the excitability of the Dogiel type II neurons is summarized. Excitability is modulated by slow synaptic inputs, sustained slow postsynaptic excitation, and inflammation. Sites of modulation are possible therapeutic t..