Androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer: How should the side effects be monitored and treated?

Abstract

Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are a consequence of the induced sex steroid deficiency. ADT increases fat mass leading to insulin resistance and diabetes, and accelerates bone loss causing increased fracture risk. Given the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease and reduced bone density in ADT-naîve men with prostate cancer, the benefits of ADT have to be carefully weighed against its side effects, especially as a diagnosis of prostate cancer does not alter the life expectancy for most men. Men commencing ADT should be counselled about and be carefully monitored for these and other ADT-induced complications, which include fatigue, sexual dysfunction, hot flushes an..