Journal article
The association between depressive and anxiety symptoms and bone mineral density in the general population: The HUNT Study
LJ Williams, O Bjerkeset, A Langhammer, M Berk, JA Pasco, MJ Henry, B Schei, S Forsmo
Journal of Affective Disorders | Published : 2011
Abstract
Background: Psychiatric disorders may be risk factors for reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Longitudinal evidence is limited and this is yet to be examined among community-dwelling adults with anxiety. We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between anxiety and depressive symptoms and BMD. Method: This study examined data from the second Nord-Trondelag Health Study (1995-1997; 1194 men and 7842 women) and a follow-up conducted in 2001 (697 men and 2751 women). Symptomatology was ascertained using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and BMD was measured at the forearm using single-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Information on medication use and lifesty..
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Funding Acknowledgements
The study was funded by grants from the Norwegian Women's Public Health Association, the Norwegian Osteoporosis Foundation, Norwegian Research Council and AstraZeneca Norway.Lana Williams and Julie Pasco have received research support from an unrestricted educational grant from Eli Lilly.Arnulf Langhammer has been the leader of the Lung Study in HUNT. The Lung Study was funded by unrestricted grants from AstraZeneca Norway through a contract between the company and National Institute of Public Health (for HUNT2) and NTNU (for HUNT3). Otherwise he has received salary as speaker or consultant for AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, MSD, Boehringer-Ingelheim and Nycomed.Michael Berk has received grant or research support from the Stanley Medical Research Foundation, Medical Benefits Fund (MBF), National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Beyond Blue, Geelong Medical Research Foundation, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Glaxo SmithKline, Organon, Novartis, Mayne Pharma and Servier; and is a speaker or consultant for AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Glaxo SmithKline, Janssen Cilag, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Sanofi Synthelabo, Servier, Solvay and Wyeth.