Journal article
Risk and protective factors for adolescent substance use in Washington State, the United States and Victoria, Australia: A longitudinal study
SA Hemphill, JA Heerde, TI Herrenkohl, GC Patton, JW Toumbourou, RF Catalano
Journal of Adolescent Health | Published : 2011
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the levels of risk and protective factors and the predictive influence of these factors on alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use over a 12-month follow-up period in Washington State in the United States and in Victoria, Australia. Method: The study involved a longitudinal school-based survey of students drawn as a two-stage cluster sample recruited through schools, and administered in the years 2002 and 2003 in both states. The study used statewide representative samples of students in the seventh and ninth grades (n = 3,876) in Washington State and Victoria. Results: Washington State students, relative to Victorian students, had higher rates of cannabis use but lower rates ..
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Awarded by National Institute on Drug Abuse
Funding Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA012140-05) and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (R01AA017188-01) for the IYDS, and to the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (project number, 491241). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the sponsors. Professor Toumbourou is supported by a Victorian Health Promotion Foundation Fellowship. The authors express their appreciation and thanks to project staff and participants for their valuable contribution to the project.