The adoption of landmarks for territorial boundaries

Abstract

Although behaviours associated with territory maintenance are extensively studied, little is known about the establishment of territorial boundaries, a key process influencing individual fitness and population demography. In this regard, conspicuous features of the landscape and constructions such as scent marks (landmarks) can have an effect on whether and where boundaries are established. Landmarked boundaries have also been associated with altered social interactions, particularly contests that take place on boundaries. Some of these landmarks physically constrain a resident's perception or movement and may thus make the use of space beyond the landmark too costly. Other landmarks are pur..