Total intravenous techniques for anaesthesia

Abstract

The two most commonly used techniques for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) are multiple bolus injection and continuous infusion. This article describes how these techniques may be implemented and outlines some protocols for use in a range of veterinary species. It also discusses computerised infusion systems, such as the target-controlled infusion (TCI) techniques, which have been used to good effect in human medicine and are now gaining more widespread use in the veterinary arena.