Journal article
The association between breastfeeding, maternal smoking in utero, and birth weight with bone mass and fractures in adolescents: A 16-year longitudinal study
G Jones, KL Hynes, T Dwyer
Osteoporosis International | Published : 2013
Abstract
The aim of this birth cohort study was to determine whether early life factors (birth weight, breastfeeding, and maternal smoking) were associated with bone mass and fractures in 16-year-old adolescents. The results suggest that breastfeeding is associated with higher bone mass and lower fracture risk at age 16 but not in utero smoking or birth weight. Introduction: There are limited data on early life influences on bone mass in adolescence but we have previously reported in utero smoking, breastfeeding, and birth weight were associated with bone mass at age 8. Methods: Birth weight, breastfeeding intention and habit, and maternal smoking during pregnancy were assessed at phase one in 1988-1..
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Awarded by National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (1996 and 2004/2005), Blundstone Pty Ltd, Royal Hobart Hospital Acute Care Program, Lions Club of Australia, Coca-Cola Amatil, Tasmanian Dairy Authority, and Talays (in 1996). Data collection in 1988 was supported by the Tasmanian Government. Special thanks also to Jenny Cochrane, Carole Goff (Research Coordinator, 1996), Denise Kaye, and the staff of the Medical Imaging Department at Royal Hobart Hospital, Jack Allan and Pip Boon (Research Coordinator, 2004/2005).