Journal article
Heaviness of smoking predicts smoking relapse only in the first weeks of a quit attempt: Findings from the international tobacco control four-country survey
HH Yong, R Borland, J Balmford, A Hyland, RJ O'Connor, ME Thompson, MJ Spittal
Nicotine and Tobacco Research | OXFORD UNIV PRESS | Published : 2014
DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntt165
Abstract
Introduction: The Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) is the measure of dependence most strongly predictive of relapse. However, recent research suggests it may not be predictive of longer-term relapse. Our aim was to examine its predictive power over the first 2 years after quitting and explore whether use of stop-smoking medications is a moderator. Methods: Data (n = 7,093) came from the first 7 waves (2002-2009) of the International Tobacco Control Four-Country Survey, an annual cohort survey of smokers in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. HSI and its 2 components (cigarettes per day [CPD] and time to first cigarette [TTFC]) were used to predict smoking relapse ri..
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Awarded by National Institutes of Health
Funding Acknowledgements
The ITC Four-Country Survey is supported by multiple grants from Roswell Park Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (R01 CA 100362, P50 CA111236) and also in part from Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York (P01 CA138389), all funded by the National Cancer Institute of the United States, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (045734), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (57897, 79551), National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (265903, 450110, APP1005922), Cancer Research UK (C312/A3726), Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative (014578); Centre for Behavioural Research and Program Evaluation, National Cancer Institute of Canada/Canadian Cancer Society.