Blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm - Randomized trial to determine the most appropriate location for botulinum toxin injections

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness and side effects of botulinum toxin using four different treatment site applications to determine the most successful treatment regime with the least side effects. METHODS: In a prospective trial, 92 patients (50 blepharospasm and 42 hemifacial spasm) were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 different treatment groups (standard [S], brow [B], inner orbital [IO], or outer orbital [OO]). Each treatment group had a different pattern of injection sites in the orbicularis. A total of 285 treatments were given, and the mean follow-up time was 16.4 months. RESULTS: In the blepharospasm group, patients assigned to the standard group had a sig..